On July 31, 1991, a historic moment unfolded in Moscow as U.

A world record was set up on this day when Graham Gooch, captain of England, stepped up to the crease at Lord’s, the legendary home of cricket.

On July 31, 1973, Delta Flight 723 strikes a concrete seawall as it descends into Boston’s Logan International Airport amid heavy ground fog.

In a startling turn of events for the 1972 presidential campaign, Democratic vice-presidential candidate Thomas Eagleton withdrew from the ticket alongside presidential nominee George McGovern.

On July 30, 1971, a pivotal moment in space exploration occurred when Apollo 15 crew members David Scott and James Irwin took to the lunar surface, marking the first use of a lunar rover on the Moon.

Ranger 7, an unmanned U.

On July 31, 1964, a pivotal milestone in space exploration was achieved when the United States' Ranger 7 lunar probe successfully captured the first close-up images of the Moon's surface.

On July 31, 1941, Hermann Göring, writing under instructions from Hitler, ordered Reinhard Heydrich, SS general and Heinrich Himmler’s number-two man, “to submit to me as soon as possible a general plan of the administrative material and financial measures necessary for carrying out the desired final solution of the Jewish question.

On August 11, 1919, the Weimar Constitution was officially adopted by Germany's National Assembly, marking a significant moment in the nation’s tumultuous post-World War I era.

On July 31, 1777, a 19-year-old French aristocrat, Marie-Joseph Paul Roch Yves Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, accepts a commission as a major-general in the Continental Army—without pay.